Bio
Joud joined the Enger Lab during his B.Sc. through an internship and continued in the lab as a research assistant after his graduation. Joud aspires to be a great scientist and believes that facing challenges is the best way to grow.
Current Projects
Comparison of relative biological effectiveness between 225 kVp X-rays, Iridium-192 brachytherapy source, Xoft electronic brachytherapy source and MV photons used in external beam radiotherapy for Hela adenocarcinoma and prostate PC-3 cells.
2024
Establishing a standardized murine orthotopic intra-rectal model for the study of colorectal adenocarcinoma Journal Article
In: Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, vol. 15, iss. 6, pp. 2578-2587, 2024, ISBN: 2078-6891.
@article{Cyr2024-me,
title = {Establishing a standardized murine orthotopic intra-rectal model for the study of colorectal adenocarcinoma},
author = {Mélodie Cyr and Naim Chabaytah and Joud Babik and Behnaz Behmand and Guillaume St-Jean and Shirin A. Enger},
url = {https://jgo.amegroups.org/article/view/93989},
doi = {10.21037/jgo-24-515},
isbn = {2078-6891},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-12-31},
urldate = {2024-12-31},
journal = {Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology},
volume = {15},
issue = {6},
pages = {2578-2587},
abstract = {Background: Orthotopic models offer a more accurate representation of colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to subcutaneous models. Despite promising results from the reported intra-rectal models, establishing a standardized method for CRC research remains challenging due to model variability, hindering comprehensive studies on CRC pathogenesis and treatment modalities, such as brachytherapy. This study aimed to establish a standardized workflow for an orthotopic intra-rectal animal model to induce the growth of colorectal adenocarcinoma in male and female mice.
Methods: HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells were injected into the rectal mucosa of female (n=21) and male (n=26) non-obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD SCID) gamma (NSG) mice. Mice were placed on a 45° wedge elevating their pelvis for better visualization of the anus. Tumor growth and localization were monitored using a 7-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner with rapid acquisition with relaxation echo (RARE) sequence at weeks 1, 2, and 3 post-cell instillation. Once tumors reached 5-8 mm in diameter, the mice were euthanized. Histopathology and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the tumors' morphology, including necrosis, vascularity (CD-31) and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3).
Results: There was a 92% and 95% tumor growth success rate in male and female mice, respectively. Tumors grew to 5-8 mm in diameter within ~20 days. No significant difference in tumor size was observed between genders. Tumor morphology was consistent across cases. Most tumors exhibited a lack of central blood vessels, accompanied by varying degrees of necrosis and apoptosis, whereas external portions were highly vascularized.
Conclusions: An orthotopic intra-rectal model was successfully developed. This model will be used in future studies to evaluate the efficacy of CRC treatments.
Keywords: Colorectal adenocarcinoma; HT-29; animal model; orthotopic intra-rectal.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Orthotopic models offer a more accurate representation of colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to subcutaneous models. Despite promising results from the reported intra-rectal models, establishing a standardized method for CRC research remains challenging due to model variability, hindering comprehensive studies on CRC pathogenesis and treatment modalities, such as brachytherapy. This study aimed to establish a standardized workflow for an orthotopic intra-rectal animal model to induce the growth of colorectal adenocarcinoma in male and female mice.
Methods: HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells were injected into the rectal mucosa of female (n=21) and male (n=26) non-obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD SCID) gamma (NSG) mice. Mice were placed on a 45° wedge elevating their pelvis for better visualization of the anus. Tumor growth and localization were monitored using a 7-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner with rapid acquisition with relaxation echo (RARE) sequence at weeks 1, 2, and 3 post-cell instillation. Once tumors reached 5-8 mm in diameter, the mice were euthanized. Histopathology and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the tumors' morphology, including necrosis, vascularity (CD-31) and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3).
Results: There was a 92% and 95% tumor growth success rate in male and female mice, respectively. Tumors grew to 5-8 mm in diameter within ~20 days. No significant difference in tumor size was observed between genders. Tumor morphology was consistent across cases. Most tumors exhibited a lack of central blood vessels, accompanied by varying degrees of necrosis and apoptosis, whereas external portions were highly vascularized.
Conclusions: An orthotopic intra-rectal model was successfully developed. This model will be used in future studies to evaluate the efficacy of CRC treatments.
Keywords: Colorectal adenocarcinoma; HT-29; animal model; orthotopic intra-rectal.
Methods: HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells were injected into the rectal mucosa of female (n=21) and male (n=26) non-obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD SCID) gamma (NSG) mice. Mice were placed on a 45° wedge elevating their pelvis for better visualization of the anus. Tumor growth and localization were monitored using a 7-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner with rapid acquisition with relaxation echo (RARE) sequence at weeks 1, 2, and 3 post-cell instillation. Once tumors reached 5-8 mm in diameter, the mice were euthanized. Histopathology and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the tumors' morphology, including necrosis, vascularity (CD-31) and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3).
Results: There was a 92% and 95% tumor growth success rate in male and female mice, respectively. Tumors grew to 5-8 mm in diameter within ~20 days. No significant difference in tumor size was observed between genders. Tumor morphology was consistent across cases. Most tumors exhibited a lack of central blood vessels, accompanied by varying degrees of necrosis and apoptosis, whereas external portions were highly vascularized.
Conclusions: An orthotopic intra-rectal model was successfully developed. This model will be used in future studies to evaluate the efficacy of CRC treatments.
Keywords: Colorectal adenocarcinoma; HT-29; animal model; orthotopic intra-rectal.
In: Physics in Medicine and Biology , 2024.
@article{nokey,
title = {Relative biological effectiveness of clinically relevant photon energies for the survival of human colorectal, cervical, and prostate cancer cell lines},
author = {Joanna Li and Naim Chabaytah and Joud Babik and Behnaz Behmand and Hamed Bekerat and Tanner Connell and Michael D C Evans and Russell Ruo and Te Vuong and Shirin A Enger 6},
doi = {10.1088/1361-6560/ad7d5a},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-19},
journal = {Physics in Medicine and Biology },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2023
Reduction of Metal Artifacts in 7T MRI for Pre-Clinical Diffusing Alpha-Emitting Radiation Therapy Rectal Studies Presentation
20.09.2023, (Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology - Canadian Organization of Medical Physicists : Joint Scientific Meeting ).
@misc{nokey,
title = {Reduction of Metal Artifacts in 7T MRI for Pre-Clinical Diffusing Alpha-Emitting Radiation Therapy Rectal Studies},
author = {Mélodie Cyr and Naim Chabaytah and Joud Babik and Behnaz Behmand and Ives R. Levesque and Shirin A. Enger
},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-20},
note = {Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology - Canadian Organization of Medical Physicists : Joint Scientific Meeting
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {presentation}
}
A Feasibility Study: Insertion of Inert Alpha-DaRT Seeds in Orthotopic Rectal Mice Models Presentation
22.06.2023, (American Brachytherapy Society 2023 - Delivering the Right Care for Everyone: Advancing Brachytherapy Access for All).
@misc{nokey,
title = {A Feasibility Study: Insertion of Inert Alpha-DaRT Seeds in Orthotopic Rectal Mice Models},
author = {Mélodie Cyr and Naim Chabaytah and Joud Babik and Behnaz Behmand and Ives Levesque and Shirin A. Enger
},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brachy.2023.06.064},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-06-22},
urldate = {2023-06-22},
note = {American Brachytherapy Society 2023 - Delivering the Right Care for Everyone: Advancing Brachytherapy Access for All},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {presentation}
}
2022
Characterization of the Relative Biological Effectiveness of a Range of Photon Energies for Irradiation of HeLa and PC-3 Cell Lines Proceedings Article
In: MEDICAL PHYSICS, pp. E980–E980, WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA 2022.
@inproceedings{babik2022characterization,
title = {Characterization of the Relative Biological Effectiveness of a Range of Photon Energies for Irradiation of HeLa and PC-3 Cell Lines},
author = {Joud Babik and Naim Chabaytah and Behnaz Behmand and Tanner Connell and Michael Evans and Russell Ruo and Y Poirier and Shirin A. Enger},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
urldate = {2022-01-01},
booktitle = {MEDICAL PHYSICS},
volume = {49},
number = {6},
pages = {E980--E980},
organization = {WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}